Written and collected by Zia H Shah MD

Abstract

This article offers a comprehensive commentary on Quran 57:20–21, which juxtapose the fleeting nature of worldly life with the enduring reality of the Hereafter. We explore how classical Islamic commentators emphasized the ephemeral allure of this world (dunyā) and the supreme permanence of the life to come (ākhirah), urging believers to not be deceived by worldly glitter. In parallel, we examine contemporary perspectives – including interdisciplinary insights that integrate scientific cosmology, philosophy, and psychology – which reaffirm these verses’ timeless message for a modern audience. We cite the Arabic text of the verses and M.A.S. Abdel Haleem’s English translation to anchor the discussion. Classical tafsīr (exegesis) literature is reviewed to illustrate traditional teachings on balancing one’s worldly pursuits and afterlife preparation. Furthermore, we draw on recent writings (notably those collected by Dr. Zia H. Shah) that engage scientific and philosophical angles – from the vastness of the universe as a metaphor for Paradise to rational “proofs” of an afterlife – demonstrating the continued relevance of Quranic teachings. Ultimately, this study highlights Islam’s call for a balanced life: to enjoy and ethically use worldly blessings without losing sight of the eternal “greater reward” that awaits, aligning one’s priorities with what truly lasts.

Introduction

In Islam, the relationship between dunyā (the worldly life) and ākhirah (the afterlife) is a central theme that recurs throughout the Qur’an and prophetic teachings. Believers are continually reminded that while the material world is not inherently evil, it is profoundly temporary and often beguiling – a place of tests and fleeting pleasures – whereas the hereafter is everlasting and far more consequential. Striking the right balance between engaging in worldly life and striving for the hereafter has been a subject of reflection for scholars, sages, and lay Muslims alike for centuries. Quran 57:20–21 are two verses that encapsulate this balance with remarkable clarity and imagery. Verse 57:20 paints a vivid simile of worldly life’s transience, likening it to rain-fed vegetation that flourishes brightly only to wither into dry stubble, and verse 57:21 follows up with an exhortation to compete for God’s forgiveness and the vast Garden of Paradise. Together, these verses provide both a diagnosis of the human tendency to become enamored of worldly glitter and a prescription to refocus on what Islam considers the ultimate success – divine approval and eternal bliss.

To understand the depth of this message, it is useful to consult classical exegesis as well as consider modern reflections. Classical commentators often elaborated on these verses by referencing other Quranic passages and prophetic sayings to underscore the deceptive nature of worldly attractions and the enormity of the afterlife. In parallel, contemporary scholars have revisited these themes in light of new knowledge – for example, drawing analogies from cosmology to illustrate the Quran’s description of Paradise’s expanse, or using insights from psychology to discuss how an afterlife-oriented mindset can foster well-being and moral behavior. In the sections that follow, we will first present the verses themselves (in Arabic and English), then delve into the viewpoints of classical commentators, and finally explore how modern writers – including those highlighted by Dr. Zia H. Shah – have expanded the conversation by integrating scientific, philosophical, and theological perspectives.

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