Written and collected by Zia H Shah MD

Abstract

Islam’s approach to slavery in the 7th century was a revolutionary, gradual abolition through moral and legal reforms rather than an instant ban. The Quran and Hadith repeatedly exhort the liberation of slaves – framing it as a virtuous deed, a means of atonement for sins, and a pathway to righteousness en.wikipedia.orglampofislam.wordpress.com. At the same time, Islamic scripture emphasizes the spiritual equality and brotherhood of all humans, masters and slaves alikeen.wikipedia.orgislamicity.org. By prescribing numerous incentives and obligations to free slaves and by redefining social relations on the basis of justice and piety rather than race or status, Islam laid the groundwork for slavery’s eventual eradication. This gradual method proved economically and socially prudent: it allowed society to absorb freed slaves as equal citizens and prevented the turmoil that could arise from abrupt abolition en.wikipedia.org lightofislam.in. Classical scholars recognized these teachings – for example, the Quran’s phrase “some of you are as others” (Q4:25) was explained to mean “you and they are equal in faith,” erasing any stigma of slave lineage en.wikipedia.org. Contemporary researchers likewise affirm that the Quran envisioned an ideal society without slavery and set a trajectory toward that goal en.wikipedia.org. In what follows, we explore Qur’anic verses, Prophetic sayings, and historical commentary that illustrate how Islam tackled slavery – not with a sudden decree, but through a transformative, humane process that elevated former slaves to full human dignity. A concluding thematic epilogue reflects on the wisdom and enduring lessons of this gradual abolition strategy.

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